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Mental disorders, poor diets and tobacco make the world sick |
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| 이름 | 윤소연 | 등록일 | 17.09.15 | 조회수 | 645 |
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LONDON, Sept 15 (Reuters) - Heart disease and tobacco ranked with conflict and violence among the world’s biggest killers in 2016, while poor diets and mental disorders caused people the greatest ill health, a large international study has found. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, published on Friday in The Lancet medical journal, found that while life expectancy is increasing, so too are the years people live in poor health. The proportion of life spent being ill is higher in poor countries than in wealthy ones. “Death is a powerful motivator, both for individuals and for countries, to address diseases that have been killing us at high rates. But we’ve been much less motivated to address issues leading to illnesses,” said Christopher Murray, director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington, which led the study. He said a “triad of troubles” – obesity, conflict, and mental illness - is emerging as a “stubborn and persistent barrier to active and vigorous lifestyles”. The IHME-led study, involving more than 2,500 researchers in around 130 countries, found that in 2016, poor diet was associated with nearly one in five deaths worldwide. Tobacco smoking killed 7.1 million people. Diets low in whole grains, fruit, nuts and seeds, fish oils and high in salt were the most common risk factors, contributing to cases of obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar and high cholesterol. The study found that deaths from firearms, conflict and terrorism have increased globally, and that non-communicable, or chronic, diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes caused 72 percent of all deaths worldwide. Heart disease was the leading cause of premature death in most regions and killed 9.48 million people globally in 2016. Mental illness was found to have a heavy toll on individuals and societies, with 1.1 billion people living with psychological or psychiatric disorders and substance abuse problems in 2016. Major depressive disorders ranked in the top 10 causes of ill health in all but four countries worldwide. The GBD is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation global health charity and gives data estimates on some 330 diseases, causes of death and injuries in 195 countries and territories. Editing by Matthew Mpoke Bigg Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. FRANKFURT (Reuters) - AstraZeneca’s Farxiga was shown to help type-1 diabetics when added to standard insulin therapy, possibly opening up a additional market opportunity for the type-2 diabetes drug, the British drugmaker said in a statement on Thursday. Adding Farxiga, also known as dapagliflozin, helped reduce excess glucose levels in the blood, led to some weight loss and allowed patients to lower their insulin dose, when compared to a control group that received insulin only, the group said, citing interim results from a late-stage trial. Type 1, which accounts for 5-10 percent of all diabetes cases, is typically diagnosed during childhood while type 2 is linked to factors such as obesity and high blood pressure later in life. The results were gathered a little less than half a year into the study but AstraZeneca will await figures for a full year before deciding on a request for approval to widen the use to type 1 diabetes. Farxiga, which analysts expect to generate close to $2 billion in annual revenues in 5-6 years’ time, belongs to a relatively new class of type 2 diabetes drugs called SGLT-2 inhibitors, which help remove excess blood sugar through urine. Others in the class include Eli Lilly and Boehringer Ingelheim’s Jardiance and Johnson & Johnson’s Invokana. Reporting by Ludwig Burger; Editing by Christoph Steitz Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. (Reuters) - Eli Lilly and Co and Incyte Corp on Thursday said a mid-stage trial of their oral drug baricitinib showed that at the highest dose it worked better than placebo for people with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. The finding could be a boost for the drug’s prospects, which suffered a setback earlier this year after U.S. regulators turned down an application for its use in rheumatoid arthritis, saying that more data was needed. Baricitinib, in a class of drugs known as Jak inhibitors, is sold in the European Union under the brand name Olumiant for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic type of skin inflammation also known as eczema, which in severe cases causes constant itching. The Phase 2 eczema trial found that after 16 weeks, 61 percent of patients on the highest dose of baricitinib and a topical corticosteroid had at least a 50 percent reduction in symptoms, compared to 37 percent of patients treated with just a steroid. At the lower dose, there was not a significant difference between the groups. Side effects included upper respiratory tract infections and headache. The study, presented at the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology annual meeting in Geneva, involved patients who had failed to achieve adequate relief after four weeks of using a mid-potency topical corticosteroid. Baricitinib has the potential for use as an oral treatment for eczema patients who are unable to control the disease with a steroid, Dr Emma Guttman-Yassky, Vice Chair of the department of dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, said in a statement. Lilly and Incyte said they plan to launch a Phase 3 clinical program for atopic dermatitis later this year. Shares of Lilly were up 88 cents, or 1.1 percent, at $83.31 in late New York Stock Exchange trading on Thursday, while shares of Incyte were down $3.38, or 2.7 percent, at $120.21 on Nasdaq. Rival AbbVie Inc last week said its experimental Jak inhibitor, upadacitinib, was shown in a mid-stage study to significantly improve the severity of eczema. The U.S. medicines regulator, the Food and Drug Administration, earlier this year approved Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc and Sanofi SA’s Dupixent for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. However, sales of the drug, which has a list price of $37,000 a year, have so far disappointed investors. Eczema affects an estimated 2 percent of U.S. adults, and as many as 20 percent of children. Reporting By Deena Beasley; Editing by Rosalba O'Brien Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. ROME (Reuters) - Italian health officials have banned residents across half of Rome from donating blood because of an outbreak of the painful, mosquito-borne illness Chikungunya. At least 17 people in southeastern Rome have been diagnosed with the virus since the end of August, and the local health authority decided to suspend blood donations in the affected areas to prevent accidental transmission. The ban covers some 1.2 million residents. Anyone who has visited the affected area of the capital since Aug. 25 should not give blood for 28 days. Chikungunya symptoms include high fever, joint and muscular pain, severe headaches, nausea and a rash. They normally surface within three to seven days after a bite from an infected mosquito and typically dissipate within a week. The virus is not deadly, but there is no vaccine. The disease is typically found in tropical areas and used to be entirely absent from Italy. However, a mosquito which transmits Chikungunya, the Tiger Mosquito, first appeared in the country in the 1990s and is now commonplace, and there was an outbreak of the virus around the city of Ravenna in 2007. Reporting by Crispian Balmer, editing by Larry King Our Standards:The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. |
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